Trees are a vital part of our landscapes, providing shade, beauty, and environmental benefits. However, like any living thing, they can experience health problems. Recognizing the early signs of trouble can help you take action before the issue becomes severe. Here are ten signs that your tree might be in trouble:
1. Dead or Dying Branches
If you notice large branches or numerous small branches with no leaves or needles, it could indicate something is wrong. Dead branches, especially in the upper canopy, could signal disease or internal damage. Trees are naturally shedding organisms, so they will lose branches from time to time. Excessive is the keyword here.
2. Cracks in the Trunk
Visible cracks or splits in the trunk or branches can compromise a tree’s structural integrity. These may occur due to storm damage, age/decay, or poor structure and often require professional assessment. Sometimes, trees can be braced or cabled back together; other times, removal may be required.
3. Discolored or Wilting Leaves
Yellowing, browning, or wilting leaves may point to nutrient deficiencies, pests, diseases, or root issues. Trees turning fall coloration early (August or early September) is also a major indicator of stress. If caught early, many of these issues are correctable; however, some diseases, such as Dutch Elm disease (right), are fatal.
4. Fungal Growth
Mushrooms or fungal conks growing at the base or on the trunk are often signs of internal decay. While not all fungi indicate a dead or dying tree, they often signal a weakened structure. Proper identification is crucial for determining the severity of the situation. Advanced risk assessment techniques are available to determine the extent of decay.
5. Excessive Shedding of Leaves or Bark
While seasonal shedding is normal, excessive leaf or bark loss can indicate stress caused by drought, pests, or disease. Monitor this closely, especially during the growing season. Some trees are more prone to shedding than others. It is always best to check with an arborist to determine if the shedding is normal if there is a question.
6. Leaning or Unstable Appearance
A tree leaning significantly or an unstable tree may have compromised roots or a weakened structure. Sudden leaning after a storm is especially concerning and requires immediate attention. Heaving of the soil around the roots is another indication of imminent tree failure. Trees may have a corrected lean, indicating this is the tree’s natural growth form, which is less of a concern. A risk assessment qualified arborist will be able to determine the risk.
7. Presence of Pests
Look for holes in the bark, sawdust at the base, or feeding on the twigs to leaves such as aphids or caterpillars. These are signs that pests have infiltrated your tree, potentially causing significant harm. In general, boring insects are going to cause the most damage. Often, pests are signs of underlying stress that should be addressed when treating the pest.
8. Root Issues
Root issues should probably be listed as number one in this blog because root issues often lead to all the other problems listed here. Soft or mushy roots or visible root damage can severely impact a tree’s health. Check for signs of root rot or girdling roots that encircle the tree trunk. Also, keep in mind that any construction in the area may lead to cut roots or compacted soil.
9. Cankers or Wounds
Cankers are areas of dead bark that can appear as sunken or discolored patches. They often result from disease or physical damage and can expand, further weakening the tree. Wounds caused by mechanical damage, think lawn mowers or string trimmers, are also areas where disease and decay can enter a tree. Avoid damaging the trunks and branches of trees when possible.
10. Sparse or Uneven Foliage
A healthy tree should have a full and largely balanced canopy. Sparse foliage or bare patches in the crown could be a sign of stress, disease, or pest infestation. Healthy trees should recover from most defoliation events, but any stress a tree is already experiencing will be compounded. Small leaves for the species can also be a great indicator of stress.
What Should You Do?
If you notice any of these signs, it’s essential to act promptly. While some issues may resolve on their own or with homeowner intervention, others may require the expertise of a certified arborist. Regular tree inspections and maintenance can help prevent these problems and keep your trees thriving for years to come. We provide this service through our Arborthrive program.
Have concerns about your tree? Contact us for a professional assessment. Together, we can ensure your trees remain healthy and safe!